Velocity modeling is a key part of most imaging projects, especially those in which seismic data will be migrated into the depth domain (PreSDM). The foundation of our technology is two of the leading names in complex velocity model building and analysis – GX Technology (GXT) and AXIS Geophysics.
GXT has developed a proven suite of pre-stack velocity analysis and model-building tools that can be combined, as needed, to obtain the best possible velocity model for each project. Methods of velocity estimation include tomography, gather-flattening and gather-fitting techniques, and scans on velocity-perturbed stacks. Velocity models may be built layered or non-layered, depending on the geologic complexity.
GXT tools are designed with versatility in mind, allowing the user to build a variety of complicated velocity models including faulted blocks, lenses, and overhanging salt bodies. The vast majority of GXT’s modeling tools incorporate proprietary editing, auto-picking, and QC features to speed the interpretation process.
Many petroleum basins are impacted by subsurface anisotropy, which causes seismic velocities to vary according to compass direction (or azimuth). Unless properly accounted for, anisotropy degrades seismic image quality. ION's AXIS Geophysics developed the AZIM imaging solution to account for directional velocity variations. Winner of the 2003 Hart’s E&P Meritorious Award for Engineering Innovation, the AZIM technique uses a full azimuth, non-sectoring approach to determine azimuthal-varying velocities. The results of AZIM include improved stratigraphic resolution, more accurate depth conversion, and a robust foundation for geologic interpretation of anisotropy that can be used to detect reservoir fracture patterns and to perform quantitative AVO.
